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Rev. Ciênc. Méd. Biol. (Impr.) ; 19(1): 25-32, jun 17, 2020. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1358656

ABSTRACT

Introdução: a hipoacusia permanente é um problema comum. Sua abordagem inclui reabilitação através de prótese auditiva. O Sistema Único de Saúde oferece reabilitação auditiva à população brasileira. Objetivo: descrever o perfil do usuário de prótese auditiva do Setor Auditivo do Centro de Prevenção e Reabilitação da Pessoa com Deficiência, da Bahia. Metodologia: estudo observacional de corte transversal, com consulta a 115 prontuários de adultos com indicação de prótese auditiva. Utilizou-se instrumento de coleta de dados com as seguintes variáveis: características demográficas, presença de queixas à anamnese (hipoacusia, zumbido e vertigem), achados à otoscopia, e tipos de: perda auditiva, adaptação, aparelho auditivo, molde, e de material utilizado na confecção do molde. Obteve-se de estatística descritiva: frequência, média, mediana e porcentagem. Resultados: predominaram o sexo feminino (63/54,7%) e idosos (74/64,3%). A queixa otológica mais comum foi a hipoacusia (114/99,1%), seguida de zumbido (67/58,2%) e tontura (41/35,7%). Otoscopia normal em (223/97,0%) das orelhas. Encontraram-se perdas auditivas sensorioneural (160/69,7%), mista (62/27,0%) e condutiva (07/3,0%). A adaptação binaural e o aparelho retroauricular foram os mais utilizados (111/96,5%) e (220/95,7%), respectivamente, secundado por intra-auricular (04/1,7%) e intracanal (0,2/0,9%). Os moldes foram tipo concha (159/69,1%), aberto (34/14,8%), e canal (33/14,4%), e o material mais usado para confecção do molde foi o silicone (181/78,8%), quando comparado ao acrílico (45/19,2%). Conclusão: maior prevalência de idosos e mulheres; expressiva presença de queixas otológicas associadas à perda auditiva; maior demanda para adaptação binaural por aparelho tipo retroauricular com molde concha de silicone.


Introduction: permanent hearing loss is a common problem. Its approach includes exercise therapy through hearing aids. The Unified Health System offers auditory rehabilitation to the Brazilian population. Objective: describe the auditory rehabilitation profile of the Auditory Sector of Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation of the Disabled of Bahia. Methodology: this is a cross-sectional observational study. We consulted 115 medical records of adults with hearing aids indication. We used a data collection instrument with the following variables: demographic characteristics, presence of complaints to anamnesis (hypoacusis, tinnitus and vertigo), otoscopy findings (except for irrelevant findings), and types of hearing loss, adaptation, hearing aids, mold, and material used to make the mold. Descriptive statistics were obtained: frequency, average, median and percentage. Results: there was a female (63/54,7%) and elderly (74/64,3%) predominance. Hypoacusis was the most common otiologic complaint (114/99.1%), followed by tinnitus (67/58,2%) and dizziness (41/35,7%). Otoscopy was normal in (223/97,0%) of the ears. The types of hearing loss found were sensorineural (160/69,7%), mixed (62/27,0%) and conductive (07/3,0%). Bilateral rehabilitation and Behind-The-Ear/BTE type apparatus were the most used (111/96,5%) and (220/95.7%), respectively, followed by In-The-Ear/ITE (04/1,7%) and In-The-Canal/ ITC (02/0,9%). The molds were of the shell type (159/69,1%), open (34/14,8%), and canal (33/14,4%), and the most used material to make it was silicone (181/78,8%) when compared to acrylic (45/19,2%). Conclusion: there was a high prevalence of elderly and female; expressive presence of otologic complaints associated with hearing loss; and a greater demand for bilateral rehabilitation by Behind-The-Ear type apparatus with shell type mold made with silicone.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Rehabilitation , Unified Health System , Hearing , Hearing Aids , Hearing Loss , Demography , Observational Study
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